Neoclassical Age

The 18th century is a distinguishing period in British literature. It is a timeline in which classical literary conventions in terms of the literary techniques in different genres are revived. After the Renaissance–a period of exploration and expansiveness–came a reaction in the direction of order and restraint. Generally speaking, this reaction developed in France in the mid-seventeenth century and in England thirty years later; and it dominated European literature until the last part of the eighteenth century.It is a period where counterfeiting and facades are very important; in some ways the country was trying to act like the Interregnum and English civil wars had not happened, and there is both a willful suppression of the immediate past and a glorification of the more distant, classical Roman past–which is why it is called the Neoclassical period. Neoclassical writers, such as Samuel Johnson, Moliere and Alexander Pope, sought clear, precise language.They st andardized spelling and grammar, shifted away from the complex metaphors employed by Shakespeare and simplified literary structures. Neoclassical writers often adopted a rigid view toward society. Although Renaissance writers were fascinated by rebels and the Romantics later idealized them, neoclassical writers felt that the individual should conform to social norms. Although society was probably corrupt, individual views could not stand against the truths found in the consensus of society.Principals of Neoclassic Age in Alexander Pope’s â€Å"essay on man† There are many concepts regarding literary criticism that are instantiated in the first part of Pope’s Essay: the problem of bad writing and criticism, and the greater danger of the latter to the public; the rarity of genius and taste in poets and critics respectively; the impairing of the capacity of critical judgment by unsound education; the causes for the multitude of literary critics (those who canâ€⠄¢t write, judge! ; and the critics need to know the limits of his genius, taste, and learning in the exercise of criticism. What is the basis for literary composition and the practice of criticism? What provides the common ground and gives guidance for both? For Pope, the answer was found in a specific eighteenth century understanding of the honorific term and concept of NATURE. First follow Nature and your judgment frame By her just standard, which is still the same: Unerring NATURE, still divinely bright,One clear, unchanged, and universal light, Life, force, beauty, must to all impart, At once the source, and end, and test of Art. (Lines 68-73) Nature is the ultimate authority (Williams 219) in Pope’s Essay, and is presented here as that canon or standard to which both with (creative poetic and literary expression) and critical judgment are to conform. Authors and critics are to write and to judge according to the clear, unchanged, and universal light just standards of in errant Nature.In literature and criticism, Nature is all-significant as its source, as its aim, and as its test. Art is from Nature, unto Nature, and by Nature. But what, exactly, does Pope mean by this all-encompassing concept? Williams expresses the eighteenth-century, neo-classical understanding of this doctrine in these terms. Fundamental to neo-classical thought about Nature is the conception of a cosmos which, in its order and regularity and harmony, reflects the order and harmony of the Divine Mind of its Creator. . . Man can perceive this order and rule in Nature because he has a rational soul made in the image of that Nature’s Creator. . . . In the view which prevails in the period Nature is the manifestation in the visible creation of the Order and Reason behind all things, a reflection of the medieval view that the likeness of God is imprinted in the very matter and organization of the universe (219-20). In concluding Part One of his Essay, Pope is so taken with th e natural goodness of the primeval authors that he has difficulty restraining himself in declaring their praise.The religious nature of their veneration is not only transparent, but also significant literarily. Here in worship before a common altar, divisions and sects and quarrels in criticism are forgotten as men unite in a single congregation. The learned from all climes and ages bring . . . their incense to a common shrine . . . . Pope’s verse . . . rises in full response to the inspiration his age received from a glorious past, a past which was both an inspiration, and a reproach, to the present (Williams 229).Creation, fall, redemption: this basic biblical schema provides the paradigm for Alexander Pope’s An Essay on Criticism. Just as the focus of the biblical narrative is on the salvaging of a sin-wrecked creation, so the movement of Alexander Pope’s Essay on Criticism is toward the restoration of a fallen classical poetics for eighteenth century England . This parallel supplies substance and shape to the Essay’s grand purpose and 13 design. And in both the Scriptures and in Pope, the goals of cosmic and poetic restoration are ones for which we can and must give thanks.Neoclassicism replaced the Renaissance view of man as an inherently good being capable of astounding intellectual growth by the image of man as a sinful and presumptuous creature with a limited intellectual capacity. Whereas the Renaissance had emphasized imagination and mysticism, Neoclasscisim emphasized order, reason, common sense, and conservatism. The  widely used prose literary forms were the essay, the letter, the satire, the parody, the burlesque, and the moral fable; and  in poetry, the  most renown  verse form was the rhymed couplet.Pope's heroic couplets are a prime example of this form. As reason should guide human individuals and societies, it should also direct artistic creation. Neoclassical art is not meant to seem a spontaneous outpouri ng of emotion or imagination. Emotion appears, of course; but it is consciously controlled. A work of art should be logically organized and should advocate rational norms. The Misanthrope, for example, is focused on its theme more consistently than are any of Shakespeare's plays.Its hero and his society are judged according to their conformity or lack of conformity to Reason, and its ideal, voiced by Philinte, is the reasonable one of the golden mean. The cool rationality and control characteristic of neoclassical art fostered wit, equally evident in the regular couplets of Moliere and the balanced sentences of Austen. Sharp and brilliant wit, produced within the clearly defined ideals of neoclassical art, and focused on people in their social context, make this perhaps the world's greatest age of comedy and satire.

Integration Review Essay

l. Abstract. After listing author, publisher, and date summarize what you have read as if you were the author boiling down the book into 500-750 tight words. Prove that you comprehend the readings by writing a no nonsense summary. The abstract is not a commentary or listing of topics, but rather a gut-deep insightful `precis` of the longer more elaborate book. Abstract equals boil down David Entwistle, Wipf & Stock Publishers, August 2004. Perhaps one of the widely used reference-textbooks in undergraduate and graduate levels throughout the United States, the Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity tackles hard questions that plague many Christians and Mental Health Practitioners concerning the role of Psychology in today’s modern and largely Un-Christian world. The book presupposes on what Science and Christianity have in common. Eliminating the arguments on either side to a unified whole and working on it with the eyes of a surgeon, the logic of a philosopher-lawyer, the questioning stance of a scientist, and the heart beliefs of a Christian psychologist, Dr. Entwistle succinctly and ably placed almost all the puzzles in place regarding what is usually regarded as equally competing views on humanity. There is a need for integration; not only for its theoretical applicability but also for its practical usefulness. One of the premises that cannot be argued away at the outset is that the Bible is the only authoritative source for faith and practice. Here, both Christianity, for which it must, and psychology at the basic level must agree. Mainstream psychology or science generally, as we know, does not know that, much more recognize the Bible as authority or as absolute standard. This premise is true for all instances, and the author carefully was able to establish this in his treatise. No doubt as to his grasp of the doctrines contained in the Scriptures that are sufficient to life and its sustenance. Starting with differentiating that which is wholly a biblical worldview and vigilantly avoiding the â€Å"roadblocks† that the readers might mistake as something else other than the essentials of Christian beliefs, the author nudges in graduated measures to a clearer understanding of where he intends his reader to reach: which is the integration of these two distinct paradigms. For the author, looking at psychology and/or human behavior and its complexities as a faithful Christian, human individuals are understood as well as coined by different terminologies other than their biblical counterparts. To arrive to a common understanding of the fundamentals of Christianity and to relate that to social science is not an impossible task at all despite the â€Å"wide chasm† that had been erected by certain schools of thoughts coming from either side. Presuppositions or philosophical conceptualizations are the pillars of any worldview, and to successfully establish a new one requires that changes or reinforcements be made at this plane. The integrative approaches were framed at this level so as to remove mental oppositions as they arise every time in one’s thoughts. When this is not adequately laid down, no audience can align their thoughts or understanding with what the author (i. e. , David Entwistle) tries to convey. According to the author, social science and the basic principles of the Bible do not antagonize scientific findings, in most occasions. They do not come in conflict with each other in most of the ideals. For instance, the psyche or soul and its make up; rather science in a way confirms (as if it needs confirmation) what the Bible long declares. The issue then is not accepting a secular psychology nor accepting a liberal theology; rather it is the accepting of psychology as a discipline science. Narrowing it down, psychology simply tries to study the human mind and how it functions. The Christian mind is the focus of most of the New Testament doctrine and principles. Its sanctification and renewal is one of Christianity’s lifelong primary objectives; and it is definitely God’s objectives as well as declared clearly in the Scriptures. It is His will for the people’s lives to have their minds changed or renewed. In this standpoint, science very well is able to relate its findings with how the mind works and how man relates these workings in his milieu and/or community. Dr. Entwistle puts aside every seemingly combatant view against psychology in general, and against seemingly narrow Christianity as well; so as to remove doubts to the a feasible and possible integration of psychology and Christianity. Declaring pitfalls of immature faith and pop psychology which respectively, easily captivate enthusiasts and followers alike, the approaches that the author actually took was to set aside what competing worldviews were there and faithfully move to abide to the demands of the Scriptures at the same time embracing the plausible scientific evidences that are emerging in psychology and examining these in the light of a complete revelation of the message of the Scriptures.

Pricewaterhouse Coopers Finance Department Assignment

Pricewaterhouse Coopers Finance Department - Assignment Example With the diversity of its workforce, challenging tasks, motivating and nurturing environment, the business organization presents a fertile venue for individual growth and development not just in terms of career but especially on social, intellectual, and moral aspects. Through an interview conducted with Richard Baird, the PwC Human Resource Executive, this report assesses the capability of the financial firm in training, motivating, compensating, and developing its workforce. With the main goal of having a thorough understanding of the company's human resource policies, this trip report focuses to put PwC's perspective on its people on spotlight. Throughout the interview, Baird emphasizes that human resources are the essential strategic partners which helps PwC accomplish its goals and reach its specific objectives. When asked how the company values its employees, Baird responded, "It is our people who create the experience of PwC for our clients and ultimately makes us distinctive. The clients of PwC firms all over the world select us and judge the quality of our service by the people they meet and who serve them on a day-to-day basis." Wh What then makes the people of PwC distinctive Baird stated, "The first element that differentiates our people is their individual quality. Each PwC firm is dedicated in recruiting the best people, helping them develop their skills and competencies, and enabling them to realize their full potential. People who join our organization are expected to adopt our shared values, as exemplified in our Global Code of Conduct. As they gain experience and build technical and commercial expertise, we also help them grow as responsible leaders. The second element is connected thinking, which brings our people together throughout our global network and encourages them to collaborate and support each other, using their collective experience, industry knowledge and business understanding to deliver consistent service, which clients truly value." PwC considers its people as one of its core competencies. Thus, it opts to nurture its employees and keep them happy and motivated to excel in their positions: "In any business, a happy team is more likely to be a high performing team. Employees who enjoy their work and are fully engaged with us are also more engaged with our clients, delivering higher quality, and creativity as a result." Recognizing this, PwC focuses on staff retention conduct an Annual Global Survey to help it "understand its people's level of engagement and commitment to PwC." So, how does PwC build people's engagement "One is by encouraging and enabling them to work flexibly to suit their own lifestyle and personal priorities-a commitment that is led from the top and that applies at every level of the organization. To ensure our people benefit from the best possible learning opportunities, we frequently run development programs in partnership with business schools. We also have talent management programs in orde r to develop future leaders in our different firms. We value diversity and are striving capitalize on the various knowledge

American economics history exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American economics history exam - Assignment Example The action of Federal Reserve to raise interest rates hoping to slow the rapid rise in stock prices depressed interest-sensitive spending in institutions such as automobile purchases and construction. In addition, it resulted to the crash of the stock market, thus reducing the American aggregate demand substantially. The U.S. government has centralized great power and responsibility in one institution, which is the Federal Reserve in making significant decisions in relation to the economy. The significance of having a well-defined and secure property rights as it gives people the exclusive right of using their resources as they see fit (James 16). The fact that individuals are the dominion of their property, they take full account of the entire costs and benefits of employing those resources in a specific manner. The process in which they weigh costs and benefits produces efficient outcomes; therefore, translating into more prominent standards of living. However, in the last decades, during the history of modern economics, economists did not see the importance of property rights. Property rights impact the efficiency of resource allocation whereby the limit expropriation and facilitate market transactions. Moreover, they enhance investment incentives by limiting expropriation risk and reducing motive of diverting private resources in order to protect property. For an instant in U.S., the government has developed policies that protect the individuals’ property r ights in order for these individuals to trade in assets and improve collateralization of those assets. In the American history, between 1870’s to 1930’s, there were battles on business property because the judiciary saw that it was necessary to protect the general welfare (James 17). The problems with the Articles of Confederation were that the Articles were not precisely accurate or exact in an absolute sense. It is in the sense that when the Articles are viewed in a

Book review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Book review - Essay Example That is to say, tracing our relationship with the world is just like discovering an undisclosed arrangement in a visual state of deception. The realities of the various entities in the world is often much deeper than what it appears superficially. The whole book explores the various entities in the universe beyond their physical stature so as to find â€Å"deeper realities† (Shubin, 4). Throughout the book, an attempt is made to find the link between the larger galaxy and the anatomy of organisms. It explains how the elements present within the human body have been derived from the atmosphere. It also mentions why helium, although one of the earliest gases, is not found within human beings because of its inability to take part in essential chemical reactions including â€Å"metabolism, reproduction, and growth† (Shubin, 16). Oxygen, on the other hand, reacts readily with other elements so its presence within the body is abundant. Thus this difference in reactivity expla ins the difference in the prevalence of these elements inside the human body. This gives us the idea how human beings may have evolved from elements that were involved during the creation of the world and galaxy. ... Shubin describes how species result from a class of living things which are in some way related to each other in terms of physical characteristics and genetic make-up. Shubin explains that since various species have some traits or characteristics which make them similar, human beings are also related to the cosmological bodies including stars and planets. This is because we are made up of the same elements which are found in such cosmological entities and therefore we were created as a meteors fell on earth transporting chemical elements with them. This means that we are related to these entities in terms of the atomic arrangement (Shubin, 18). Shubin has deeply explored the processes by which the atoms have combined by chemical reactions over the years to form stars (29). The Universe Within seeks to address some really complex details about human existence and has effectively related all the disciplines within the sciences to explain these details. The book lays out some important details connecting the history of universe creation with that of living things. The main theme of this book is the wider scope of living things and other celestial objects that came to existence before us and then paved the way for our own creation. The explanation demonstrates that living things are linked to other beings in the galaxy. The formation of human beings occurred as a result of the creation of wider special bodies which transferred the vital elements onto the earth. This idea is also affirmed the presence of similar elements within human beings. A connection is made using the chemical arrangement and proportion of elements within ourselves and our related ‘cousins’. By observing and speculating the constellations in

PERSUASIVE SPEECH Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PERSUASIVE SPEECH - Essay Example As such, a system that places this wage amount becomes necessary to make the American dream achievable for all. This paper outlines the essence of minimum wage in the society. The minimum wage system is essential for both companies and their employees since it regulates the rate of income earned. In this case, it ensures that there is a particular limit in relation to the amount of money that employees can be paid. In addition, it sets the amount and the period within which the wage can be increased as it is relevant for the private and public sectors (Verderber, Verderber, & Sellnow 374). Most people may ask: What is the essence of work? It does not make sense when an individual works so hard, but gains nothing substantial in return. People search for jobs for the basic reason that they want to cater for their needs, fend for themselves and their families. Whenever an individual does not attain the fundamental of employment, they lose the entire meaning of employment. At times, most people tend to be submerged in debts, making their lives more unbearable. With the current minimum wage at $5.15 per hour, it is way below the amount necessary to purchase gas and access basic health care services. Thus, a proper evidence is offered by the revelation that a high fraction of the population is living in poverty. The amount of wage to be paid should not be influenced by the status of an individual. In this case, whether an individual is dependent on others or independent, they should not alter the amount of wage to be remitted. The misconception is related to the fact that most people associate workers who earn a minimum wage with those students who are looking for extra cash during the summer. As such, they consider the individuals to be under the age of 25. Therefore, the economy and what it is likely to become in the future is affected. What are the visions held for the economy? Is there a need for prosperity or

Final Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final Project - Research Paper Example Historically, the Koreans had their definitive religions, which included Buddhism among many other. However, the intense interactions with the west and other parts of the world necessitated the introduction of Christianity in the region. Currently, Christianity is the leading religion in South Korea with most Koreans adopting the faith. The trend evidently portrays the nature and effects of the religious conflict exhibited in the liberal society. Just as with any other developed society, the concepts of urbanization and globalization have succeeded in creating densely populated urban centers in which people share neighborhoods with people from all over the world. In such a set, tracking a cultural practice becomes increasingly difficult thus resulting in the development of an individualistic and in depended societies in which everyone leads a unique lifestyle by scribing to specific cultural and social values. It is commonplace to see men dressed in neat three and two-piece suits an abject portrayal of the manifestation of the western culture in the region. Among the interviewees, some revealed that suits and shirts were among their favorite clothes. The interviewer determined the nationality and origin of the interviewees in order to prove that all the interviewees were native Koreans. Despite the existence of their cultural attires, the interviewees admitted that the suits looked more decent and appropriate for office set-ups since they interacted with people from diverse cultures. Such people admitted that economic integration necessitated by the development of communication and transportation technologies has made the world a global village. They therefore interact with people from diverse cultures and appreciating some of the western cultures help avoid some discerning circumstances. One of the interviewees admitted that adorning the native Korean attires is sectarian. Such attires readily reveal an individual’s nationality thus exposing them to pre viously existing stereotypes that may interfere with the nature of the relationship they develop with the people they meet. The situation become even more complex as people must maintain cordial relationship in work places where they interact with people from all over the world. The interviewees thus cited the nature of their professional environment as the greatest motivator to dress in the western suits thus sidelining the native Korean attires. Whenever cultures conflict, people adopt features that prove more relevant and convenient, this explains the widespread consumption of western designs in Korea. Furthermore, currently hundreds of Korean designers who specialize in the production of the western attires such as suits, the basic style and design are western but the Korean designers infuse their own creativity into the designs thus developing their own labels and claim their market shares within the country. The same is evident in the dietary of the people of South Korea. Whil e the independent lifestyle in the country makes it difficult to investigate the dietary of the people, the few interviewed admitted retaining some of their cultural cuisines but adopted a few others from other parts of the world. The streets of major cities such are Seoul have numerous fast food cafes. Most of such facilities dispense junks including fries, kebabs, burgers and fried chicken among others. The eateries are convenient and offer the population cost effective solutions to their busy official schedules.

Ecomonics Assignment - Questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ecomonics - Questions - Assignment Example C) Zero opportunity cost. D) Constant opportunity cost. E) Infinite opportunity cost. 3) Which one of the following would lead to an increase in the demand for hamburgers? A) a rise in the price of French fries, a complement of hamburgers B) a decrease in consumer income if hamburgers are a normal good C) a news report that hamburgers can cause skin diseases D) a decrease in population size E) a new fad hamburger diet 4) The marginal cost (MC) curve intersects the   A) AVC and AFC curves at their minimum points.   B) TC and TVC curves at their minimum points.   C) ATC and AFC curves at their minimum points.   D) ATC, AVC, and AFC curves at their minimum points.   E) ATC and AVC curves at their minimum points. 5) Total cost is $20 at 4 units of output and $36 at 6 units of output. Between 4 and 6 units of output, marginal cost A) Equals average total cost.   B) Is less than average total cost.   C) is greater than average total cost.   D) Equals to average variable cos t.   E) Equals average fixed cost. 6) Marginal cost ________. A) Increases at low outputs until it reaches its maximum value, then remains constant B) decreases at low outputs and increases at high outputs C) is constantly decreasing, but as output increases it decreases by smaller and smaller amounts D) is constantly increasing, but as output increases it increases by smaller and smaller amounts E) decreases at low outputs until it reaches its minimum value, then remains constant 7) A consumer choosing between apples and oranges is at her best affordable point. Then the price of apples decreases. If both apples and oranges are normal goods, which one of the following statements is true about her new best affordable point? She will consume more apples and fewer oranges.   B) She will consume more apples, and we cannot tell whether she will consume more or less oranges.   C) She will consume fewer apples and fewer oranges.   D) She will consume fewer apples and more oranges.à ‚   E) She will consume more apples and more oranges. 8) If income decreases, the budget line   A) becomes flatter.   B) Shifts leftward and parallel to the original budget line.   C) becomes steeper.   D) Shifts rightward and parallel to the original budget line.   E) Shifts parallel either leftward or rightward depending on whether the goods measured on the axes are normal or inferior. 9) A consumer's best affordable point occurs   A) at a point that cannot be determined.   B) Inside the budget line.   C) Outside the budget line.   D) On the budget line.   E) At a corner on the budget line, with only one good consumed. 10) Larry consumes only beer (B) and chips (C). If beer is measured on the vertical axis, the relative price of chips in terms of beer is all of the following except: A) the magnitude of the slope of the budget line B) equal to the opportunity cost of 1 bag of chips C) the real income in terms of beer D) PC/PB E) the inverse of the relative price of beer in terms of chips 11) When the price elasticity of demand is ________, demand for the good is elastic.   A) greater than 1 B) between 1 and zero C) equal to infinity D) equal to zero

The Evolution of Representations of the 'Libertine' Essay

The Evolution of Representations of the 'Libertine' - Essay Example These issues had largely to do with factors or methodologies for keeping anarchies at bay and holding on to power. Uneasy lay the heads that held the crown. The dark ages did not provide any help by way of alternative means of ruling and administering. Theologians were divided in their loyalty and beliefs. Blind faith, superstition or outright bullying tactics were the order of the day. The mighty monarch ruled with an iron fist till death or till he was deposed or treacherously killed. This lasted until the 14th century A.D. The Renaissance descended like a breath of fresh air everywhere in Europe. The media of books and theatres whetted the appetite of the peasants and royalty alike, but having promised the moon it still left a void in the hearts and minds of both. This was enough for fertile creativity to wind its way through the corridors of subtle extravaganzas prevalent with the royalty in its grotesque mismatches of high-handed aristocracy and ignoble reality of the suffering masses. In the circumstances, what better way to exploit the social anomalies than the dangling of the naughty albeit decent Francois, the poor but enigmatic pcaro, and the sleaze, the intrigue, the portrayal of social and political inequalities and hypocrisies, and the ambiguities of living in a exploitative system and the artistic means of its exposure. The situation was not all that entertaining. The metamorphosis from medieval to modern era claimed its share of intrigue, suspense and bloodshed. If it started with a simple laughter from the pages of Charles Sorel it also revolutionized France with staggering effect. The Renaissance factor Beginning from the 14th century, Europe witnessed an awakening that was to transform the way people thought and worked. Changes were beginning to happen economically, politically, in the field of art and religion, education, and these had their cascading effects on social and familial life. (Renaissance) The nature of transformation was epochal so much so that literature, scientific discoveries and inventions, sea voyages for discovery of new continents and regions, and even exploration of space by rockets became topics of great interest and research. There was a paradigm shift in the way people of all walks of life began to think. They dreamed! New and successful ideas, discoveries and inventions were fodder to their beliefs that nothing was impossible. (From Cyrano to Jean-Luc Picard) It was an awakening of continental proportion that initiated the preference for logic and reason as the ideal means to establish facts and find out truth. It also lent credence to the fundamentals of cause and effect as responsible for events, situations and actions. These concepts dramatically changed the ways of thinking and execution. They equipped science and literature with profound and effective insights and methodologies for developing theories and strategies. The freshness and originality of

Perspectives on Love Essay Example for Free

Perspectives on Love Essay Love and relationships are controversial topics in which people encounter on a daily basis. They are also topics that are viewed by many different people, from different perspectives. Three authors write on the topic of love; Katherine Anne Porter in â€Å"Marriage is Belonging†, June Callwood in â€Å"Forget Prince Charming† and Robertson Davies in â€Å"The Pleasures of Love†. Porter argues that both partners must surrender their freedom and social life in order to obtain a steady relationship. She argues this because one must take time out of their social life in order to put time and effort into a relationship. Whereas, Callwood argues that long term relationships are unlike fairy tales and therefore require balance and compromise. Callwood argues this because individuals need to work at their relationship in order for their love to continue to thrive. Lastly, Davies argues when communication and understanding is abundant in a relationship, love is less likely to die. Davies argues this because communication is crucial in respect to discovering the traits and reasoning that brought them together. Individual’s perspectives on love and how to find a lifelong partner differ greatly. Katherine Anne Porter, the author of â€Å"Marriage is Belonging†, writes that one must sacrifice their independence in order to â€Å"†¦share another life, the life in fact presumably dearest to them† (Porter 56). Being united with someone means that one must always be loyal, honest and generous towards their partner. Porter says that these characteristics as well as reducing the importance of a social life â€Å"are required for two people to go on growing together and in the same direction† (Porter58). She uses this quote to explain that one must give up partial freedom so that time and effort can be put into the beginning of their new, shared life. As a result of surrendering one’s social life for a significant other, in return one will be compensated with a permanent place to belong. Likewise Porter, June Callwood believes that one must give something to get something in return. Callwood writes that building a life-long union requires a lot of work and effort. Balance and compromise from both parties is required for a relationship to survive. To prove her thesis Callwood writes â€Å"†¦Dr. William Blatz was asked the secret of his serene marriage. He replied ‘I make the dressing and she makes the salad. ’† (Callwod 323). Callwood effectively uses this quote to demonstrate thatr elationships are a collaboration. Though balance is not always fifty-fifty, effort comes from both sides. In â€Å"Forget Prince Charming† Callwood shares a realistic perspective of a long-term relationship, in which does not involve ‘Prince Charming’, but two individuals who compromise and work towards learning to live with one another. Lifelong relationships do not come easy and are something that partners need to work at. In agreement with Callwood, Davies believes that relationships require effort. In â€Å"The Pleasures of Love†, Davies claims that the love of individuals that confide in each other continues to thrive. He writes, â€Å"†¦knowing only that they will be happier united than apart, they had better set to work as soon as possible to discover why they married and nourish the feeling which has drawn them together† (Davies 53). Davies uses this quote to express that individuals that are in love must discover what they like about their partner in order to enjoy each other’s company and to have a loved plentiful union. In addition, he states in his essay, communication between lovers leads to a stronger, long lasting relationship. â€Å"People who love each other should talk to each other; they should confide their honest emotions, their deepest wishes† (Davies 54). This quote demonstrates that when one shares emotions and secrets with their significant other results in understanding of feelings as well as trust. Communication between partners is an important part of keeping love alive.

Causes of Luminescence and Chemiluminescence

Causes of Luminescence and Chemiluminescence 1.1. Luminescence Phenomena Luminescence is the phenomenon of emission of electromagnetic radiation in excess of thermal radiation. The radiation is usually in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, however, since the same basic processes may yield infrared or ultra violet radiation. Luminescence is observed with all phases of matter: gases, liquids and solids both organic and inorganic[1]. Luminescence is an umbrella term for those kinds of events where light emission is not the result of high temperature. In fact with increasing temperature the competing nonradiative de – excitation processes become more probable and the intensity of the luminescent emission decreases. Luminescence in living organisms has been reported as far back as 1500 BC. In Chinese literature, the best known examples being the emission of light from fireflies and glow – worms[2, 3]. 1.1.1Types of Luminescence Classification according to the means by which energy is supplied to excite the luminescent molecule[4-8].Table 1.1 Table (1-1):- Different types of luminescence phenomena Excitation source Luminescence type Produced from irradiation Absorption of Uv-vis or near IR radiation. (Conversion of light energy to chemical energy). Photoluminescence Emission produced from irradiation of ÃŽ ² particles. Cathodoluminescence Emission produced from irradiation of ÃŽ ± particle. Anodoluminescence Radiation-induced chemical excitation (irradiation of ÃŽ ³ particles. Radiodoluminescence Produced from heating. Emission from incandescent solids Candoluminescence Caused by solid subjected to mild heating. Thermoluminescence Flame-excited metal atoms Pyroluminescence Produced from structural rearrangements in solids Emission from shaking, rubbing, or crushing crystals. Triboluminescence Emission from crystallization. Crystalloluminescence Excitation induced from dissolution of an irradiated or other energy-donating solid. Lyoluminescence Produced from electrical phenomena. Radiative recombination of electrons and holes in material (emission from electrical discharge) Electroluminescence Emission during electrolysis Galvanoluminescence Excitation of compounds by ultra-sonication. Sonoluminescence Emission from fractional charge separation at the crystal surface. Piezoluminescence Produced from chemical reactions Emission from luminous organisms. Bioluminescence Chemical excitation of compounds. Chemiluminescence 1.2. Chemiluminescence The term chemiluminescence (CL.) was first coined by Eilhardt Weidman in 1888. Chemiluminescence is defined as the production of electromagnetic radiation observed when a chemical reaction yields an electronically excited intermediate or product. CL-reactions emit light of varying degrees of intensity and lifetime. With colors that spare the visible spectrum [9-11]. Analytically, the CL-reactions are attractive due to: excellent detection limits results from the absence of source of noise and scattering, suitable to both batch and flow techniques highly sensitive, determinable over a wide range of concentrations, easy to operate, simplicity, absence of unwanted background so the only background signal is that of the PMT dark current and no excitation source or optical filters are required as compared to other optical or photo luminescence methods [12, 13]. However, some disadvantages are to be considered as well; A chemiluminescence reagent may yield significant emission not just for one unique analyte i.e. a lack of selectivity may occur. Moreover, chemiluminescence emission intensities are sensitive to a variety of environmental factors such as temperature, solvent, ionic strength, pH and other species present in the system. As a result, a separation condition (HPLC, capillary electrophoresis (CE), may not always match the optimum CL-emission conditions. Third, as the emission intensity from a CL-reaction varies with time,light flash composed of signal increase after reagent mixing, passing through a maximum, then decreasing back to the base – line, thus the CL- emission versus time profile differs from one compound to another and care has to be taken to detect the signal in the flowing stream during strictly defined periods [14].chemiluminescence technique is versatile for determination of a wide variety of species that can participate in the CL-reaction such as; CL-substrates or CL-precursors responsible for the excited state [15], the necessary reagent for the CL-reactions (usually an oxidant) [16] , some species that enhance the rate or sensitivity of the CL-reaction[17] ,activators such as catalysts (enzymes[18] or metal ions[19] CL. analysis found a wide application not only in the organic technology, medicine, food testing, but also in environmental monitoring and material science [20-24]. CL-reactions can be coupled as a detection technique [25] in chromatography [26, 27], capillary electrophoresis [28-30], or immunoassay, providing qualitative and / or quantitative information [31, 32]. 1.2.1. Mechanisms of Chemiluminescence Reaction Figure (1-2) shows the types of the CL-reaction mechanisms. In general CL-reactions can be generated by two basis mechanisms: Figure (1-2):- Types of CL-reactions. P, product; F, fluorescing substance Direct CL-reactions: a substrate (A) and an oxidant (B) in the presence of cofactors react to form an intermediate product in an electronically excited state which relaxes to the ground state with a photon emission. The catalyst is an enzyme or metal ions, reduces the activation energy and provides an adequate environment for producing high CL-efficiency out of the process.Cofactors sometimes are necessary to convert one or more of the substrates into a form capable of reacting and interacting with the catalyst,or to provide an efficient leaving group if bond cleavage is required to produce the excited emitter [33]. An alternative for compounds producing ultra-weak CL-emission is: Indirect or sensitized CL reactions: Since not all excited states of CL-reactions products are effective â€Å"emitters† in any case, thus the excited state energy can be transferred to an â€Å" effective â€Å" flourophore added to the system, in –order to increase the CL-intensity substantially . The most salient asset of chemical excitation is the low background noise involved, which results in very low detection limits (in the sub femtomole of region) [34,35]. Enhanced CL- reactions (ECL): describes the phenomenon which has been observed in a wide range of chemi and bioluminescence reactions. Enhancement of light emission from the luminol-hydrogen peroxide reaction at alkaline pH has been achieved by the addition of various organic compounds generally containing oxonium group. Enhancement of CL. Reaction led to intense light emission, prolonged light emission and low background[36]. Spontaneous light emission during reaction requires the presence of the following conditions[37]: The reaction must be highly exothermic (40-70 kcal/mole) in order that the CL-reaction occurred in the visible region (400 nm (violet) – 750nm (red). These exothermic conditions associated with redox reactions using Oxygen, Ozone andhydrogen peroxide or similar potential oxidants. The reaction pathway must be a favorable to channel the energy for the formation of an electronically excited state. Photon emission must be favorable deactivation process of the excited product in relation to other competitive non-radiative processes that may appear in low proportion. There are several ways for an electronically excited state species to lose its extra energy, either by reacting with another molecule, molecular dissociation, and collision with its surrounding molecules or luminescence. In the latter case it can react to liberate sufficient energy to produce photon of visible light, figure (1-3). Figure (1-3):-possible de-excitation pathways of excited molecule 1.2.2. Main Chemiluminescence-systems for analytical processes 1.2.2.1. Gas- phase chemiluminescence reactions. The development of Chemiluminescence Methods for determining components of a gas is largely originated from the need to determine atmospheric pollutants such as Ozone, Oxides of nitrogen and sulfur compounds[45, 46].The best known and most frequently used is the reaction of nitrogen oxide withOzone.CL-NOXanalyzers have been shown to respond to a number of nitrogenous pollutants besides NO and NO2. [40].Some analytical methods based on CL- reactions have been proposed for the determination of sulfur monoxide and unsaturated hydrocarbons such as Alkenes, alkynes and aromatics at high temperature,several of these are as follows[41-44]. NO+ O3NO2* + O2NO2 + hÃŽ ½(600-2800 nm)(1) (2) (3) Oxygen atoms also been applied as strong oxidants when reacted with a wide range of analyst, although not so frequently used. The reaction with nitric oxide produces a yellow- green CL-emission that has been used for measuring concentration of Oxygen atoms in kinetics experiments[45]. (4) Some CL. Reactions are based on the light emission produced in flame, rather than the cold CL-emission. Molecular emission cavity analysis (MECA) is a CL-technique in which molecular emission are generated within a cavity that is introduced into a hydrogen diffusion flame. This flame acts as the environments of radicals, atoms and molecules which promote the chemical reactions (i.e. high temperature of flame promote of chemical reactions that form key reaction intermediates and provide additional thermal excitation of the emitting species).The cavity acts as the environment for stabilizing the emitting species. MECA has been used for selective detection of compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorous, antimony, arsenic,.Tin and halogens [46-54]. 1.2.2.2. Liquid- phase chemiluminescence reactions There are some well – established CL-reagents that have been used for solution – phase CL-reactions, their attraction include high sensitivity, wide dynamic range and simplicity [55].The Chemiluminescence of luminal and the cyclic hydrazides of aromatic and heterocyclic acids is one of the classical and still studied in CL-reactions [56]. Although hydrazides in general are Chemiluminescent, onlyhydrazides related to luminol (5 – aminophthalyhydrazide) can be considered the most commonly used. The CL. of luminol was first described by Albrecht in 1928. This compound reacts with potent oxidizing agents in the presence of catalyst in alkaline medium to yield 3 – amino phthalate in an excited electronic state which returned to the ground state; with the production ofblue emission at 425 nm.The reaction is catalyzed by metal ions.Alternatively, it has been proposed that the metal ion forms a complex with the hydrazide which is then oxidized[57–59]. Lophin(2,4,5 – triphenylimidazole) is the most representative of the imidazole CL-precursors . A yellow CL-emission is produced at 525 nm. by oxidation of Luphin in aqueous alkaline mediums[60]. Lucigenine(10, 10 dimethyl – 9, 9 -biascridiniumnitrate) is one of the most efficient CL-substances which emit an intense green emission at 470 nm. When oxidized in an alkaline medium [61]. In relation to indirect CL., one of the more efficient non – biological system that are used is based on and so – called peroxy oxalate CL-reaction (PO – CL ) which involves the hydrogen peroxide oxidation of an aryl oxalate ester in the presence of a fluorophore .Bis–( 2,4,6 – trichloro phenyl )oxalate (TCPO) and bis – ( 2,4– dinitro phenyl ) oxalate (DNPO ) are commonly used oxalates. These compounds are insoluble in water which requires the use of organic solvents such as acetonitrilies ,dioxane and ethyl acetate [62]. Another CL-system frequently applied involves the use of Ru [bpy]3+2 which produces an orange emission at 610 nm.From the excited state (Ru [bpy]3+2)* that can be obtained by different reactions which imply electron transfer and regeneration of Ru[bpy ]3+2 species. Recently , the higher CL-emission generated by a similar complex , Ru[phen]3+2(phen = 1,10 – phenanthroline) during oxidation ofRu [bpy ]3+2 by Ce(IV) in sulfuric acid medium Ru [bpy]3+2 is the most studied as an inorganic compound used in electro generated CL (ECL)[60,63]. 1.2.2.3.Solid Phase Chemiluminescence [35]. Some polymers exhibit weak CL. in the visible range when heated up in the presence of inert gas (air or oxygen). For the first time this phenomenon was observed by Ashby in 1961, from polypropylene. Emission of light during oxidation of polymers is called oxy- luminescence or oxychemiluminescence. And for CL. of polymers to be observed, oxygen must be present in the process. 1.2.3.Electro Generated Chemiluminescence (ECL) ECL : is the process in accordance with which , species generated at electrodes undergo high – energy electron – transfer reactions to form excited states that emit light , it occurs in the visible region of spectrum as a consequence of fast and highly exo-energetic electron . Transfer between a strong electron donor and electronacceptor which in turn results in generation of excited states [7].In general, electrically generated reactants diffuse from one or more electrodes, and undergo high – energy electron transfer reactions either with one other or with chemicals in solution. This process yields excited state molecules, which produce a CL- emission in the vicinity of the electrode surface. Application of ECL have almost exclusively focused on the reaction of tris(2, 2 – bipyridire) ruthenium Ru[bpy]3+2 the reaction takes place at room temperature . Wide pH range and in the presence of oxygen and many other impurities[64].Ru [bpy]3+2 itself can undergo electron transfer reactions to produce ECL as follows [65]. Luminol can undergo an ECL reaction due to its versatility in analytical determinations. in alkaline solution luminol anion undergoes a single electron electro-oxidation to form diazaquinine , which is further oxidized by peroxide or super oxide to give 3 – amino phthalate in an excited state , which emits light at 425 nm . Luminol ECL has been used for determination of species such as phenyl alanine, ibuprofen and hisidine [9]. 1.3. Fluorescence Photoluminescence becomes visible as optical radiation accompanied by the emission of photon depending on the duration of the phenomenon, i.e. life time of the excited state. Fluorescence is the spontaneous emission of light during transition of the system from its lowest vibrational energy level of an excited singlet state S1 back to the ground state S0,thus it’s a spin allowed process. Absorption and fluorescence don’t require any spin reorientation however; intersystem crossing and phosphorescence require a spin reorientation therefore; absorbance and fluorescence are much faster than phosphorescence. The processes that occur between the absorption and emission of light are usually illustrated by Jobalonski diagram [66, 67]; figure (1-4). Figure (1-4):- Perrin- Jobalonski diagram and illustration of the relative positions of absorption (Abs), fluorescence (F), andphosphorescence (Ph.) Fluorescence is the result of three stages process that occurs in certain molecules called fluorophores [67]. Excitation: a photon is supplied by an external source and absorbed by the fluorophore creating an excited electronic singlet state S1. This stage distinguishes fluorescence from chemiluminescence, in which the excited state is populated by a chemical reaction. State life time:fluorescence life time is typically 1-10 Nano sec. during this time the fluorophore undergoes conformational changes and is also subjected to a multitude of possible interactions with its molecular environment such as collisional quenching and intersystem crossing. Fluorescence emission: when a photon of energy is emitted returning the fluorophore to the ground stat S0. Figure (1-5) shows these three stages. Figure (1-5):- three stages of fluorescence emission process 1.3.1. Characteristics of fluorescence emission [68-70] Emission spectra are typically independent of the excitation wave length due to the partial dissipation of excitation energy during the excited state life time, this known as Kasha’s rule. The emission intensity is proportional to the amplitude of the fluorescence excitation spectrum at the excitation wavelength; figure (1-6). Figure (1-6):- emission spectra are typically independent of the excitation wavelength Stokes shift: due to the energy dissipation during the excited state life time, the energy of this photon is lower and therefore; of longer wavelength than the excitation photon (i.e.fluorescence light is a red-shift). This difference in energy or wavelength is known as stokes shift.† The difference in wavelength between positions of the band maxima of the absorption and emission spectra of the same electronic transition; figure (1-7). Solvent effects and excited state reactions can also affect the magnitude of stokes shift. Figure (1-7):-stokes shift of band maxima E = hÃŽ ½ = hÃâ€"c / ÃŽ » (1) h = Planck constant = 6.63 Ãâ€" 10-34 J.sec-1 c = light velocity ÃŽ ½ = light frequency Sec-1 or Hz ÃŽ » = wave length nm. Absorption energy EAbs.= hÃâ€"c / ÃŽ »Abs. (2) Emission energy Eem.= hÃâ€"c / ÃŽ »em. (3) Since: EemAbs. (4)so: ÃŽ »em.>ÃŽ »Abs (5) ÃŽ »em.,ÃŽ »Abs: emission and absorption spectra peaks respectively. When absorption and/or the emission spectra of a flourophore possess two or more bands, stokes shift is equal to the difference that separates the two most intense bands of the two spectra, figure (1-8). Figure (1-8):-stokes shift in a flourophore possess two bands If thermal energy is added to an excited state or compound has many highly populated vibrational energy levels, emission at shorter wavelengths than those of absorption occurs, this is called an anti-stokes shift and its often observed in dilute gasses at high temperatures. A key feature of fluorescence is the molecule spends a measurable Amount of time in the singlet state. Fluorescence life time refers to the average time that the molecule stays in its excited state before emitting a photon for fluorescence; it’s typically in the range (1-10 nsec.). Fluorescence radiant power (F) is proportional to the absorbed radiant power. F = É ¸ (P0 – P) - (6) É ¸: Fluorescence efficiency. P0: incident power. P: transmitted power. The relationship between the absorbed radiant power and concentration can be obtained from beers law P/P0 = 10-A- (7) P = P0 Ãâ€" 10-Ɇºbc - (8)F = É ¸ P0 (1–10-Ɇºbc)- (9) Structural factors. Fluorescence is expected in molecules that are aromatic or multiple conjugated double bonds with a high degree of resonance stability, it’s also expected with poly cyclic aromatic

8 Steps In How To Write A Research Paper -- essays research papers

Here are 8 steps in how to research a research paper. These 8 steps are easy to follow and will increase your accuracy in researching your paper. These steps are a helping tool for any college or high school student with a long or short paper. Like any other writing project, research writing is a process involving a number of steps. Although you may be overwhelmed at first by the large scope of a research paper, if you break the task into smaller tasks, you'll find yourself able to complete even the largest assign-ment. First, start by understanding your paper; make sure you know what requirements your instructor is assigning. This is a key step in being able to outline your plan of attack. Second, focus on your topic. Narrowing your topic before you begin, and again several times as you proceed, will help you write a thorough paper, one that treats its subject accurately. Once you get into the library, you will find dozens of temptations to expand and extend your project. The clearer you are at the beginning about your project, the better off you'll be.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Research writing requires two special kinds of focusing. The first is identifying the descriptors or key words that will guide your search through the library resources. You will want to spend some time brain-storming possible key words, or subject headings, under which you might find articles and books about your topic. The more precise your de-scriptors, the more likely you will be able to find useful articles. Finding key words or descriptors can be a creative process and it is a vital process to successful research. The second essential focusing activity is to formulate a question or cluster of related questions that will guide your search for information and ideas. Putting your topic into question form can help you locate sources and evaluate them quickly for suit-ability for your paper. Third, make a generalized position on your topic, which support your views. Although you should expect your ideas to change and improve as you continue working, you should begin with a first sense of what you think about your topic. It is easy to be overwhelmed by the opinions of more experienced writers, and if you enter the project without a preliminary sense of your own position, you may have a difficult time formulating an original position later. Forth, decide on a documentatio... ...upport your point of view, oth-ers will voice contrasting positions, and some will provide forceful views. Keep an open mind and represent what you learn in an organized manner, and give credit where credit is due. Keep your paper sweet and too the point. Follow this simple structure on how to make a simple structure on how to set up your paper: Cover Page-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Should include Title, Name of author, date. Outline-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Table of contents, skeletal structure of the paper. (If needed or used) Opening-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Opening arguments, tell what you are researching, state a thesis or view to prove. Body-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The information you are translating which supports your thesis. Conclusion-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Closing, brief summary of information presented, personal views or opinions. References-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cites noted page, this is where you list all the resources you used if any. Index-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quick link to pages where specific information is found in the paper. (if needed)

Graduation Speech: A Great Time to Be a Graduate :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Ladies and Gentlemen we are assembled here this evening to celebrate the graduation of the Community College Class of 2012. With this celebration comes many distinctions, honors and legacies. This is a great time to be a graduate of Community College, because we are a group of students who are graduating with high grade point averages, leadership skills, overall talent, plus we are leaving behind much to be admired by future classes. Our class is also a very diverse and dedicated one. As if being a student alone was not a difficult task, many of our classmates hold jobs outside of school, are active in their communities as coaches, volunteers, athletes and leaders, and many have families to take care of. Our class has much to be excited about, many positive changes have come to our school because of the efforts of those in our class. We have held many amazing programs the past two years and especially this year. We have had several nationally known speakers and leaders visit our campus to inform us about local, national and international events. They have also come to our campus to see what has been going on here in Loyville and how they can use our models to aid other programs. We have had such speakers as civil rights activist Dick Gregory, Robert F. Kennedy Jr., local screen writer and producer Sherman Alexie, Gov. Gary Locke and U.S. Sen. Patty Murray. These past two years have also seen the addition in artwork here as well. Several new paintings and other hangings have been presented to the college, such as Dallas M. "Gray Eagle" Singhurst II's "Yu 'Pik fur seal mask" and the "Loyville Community College History Mural" painted by Bernie Webber. These artworks not only add to the campus but explain the history of the college and our community. There have been additions to school programs as well, including a women's soccer program, high school First Reach program designed to encourage local high school students to come to EvCC, a health and wellness series, and even a college rowing club designed to help students "catch the spirit of rowing." Members of the class of '99 and guests, I hold in my hand for you a special gift, from the classrooms of EvCC comes tonight's Top 10 List. These are the top 10 reasons to be proud to be part of the graduating class of 1999: 10.

Civil War Medicine :: essays research papers

Civil War Medicine In the Civil War era medical advances were few and so were surgeons. This time period is known in medical history as the â€Å"Medical Middle-Ages†. This was the beginning of the technology of today. In this time doctors or physicians were known as surgeons. At the beginning of the war the United States Medical Corp. consisted of less than one hundred people on staff. This included the United States Surgeon General, thirty-six surgeons, and many assistant surgeons. Soon after the war started twelve of the thirty-six surgeons left for the Confederacy. Though the Confederacy had few surgeons they kept up the pace very well. It was because the surgeons knew very little about diseases that two out of every three soldiers that died in the war died from disease. Most soldiers died from diseases such as measles, mumps, and whooping cough. There were also many deaths from the lack of cleanliness in the hospitals. In some cases they would reuse wound dressing and put some straw over used bedding and dirty floor. When the top layer got dirty they would put a new layer on. Most of this changed when women were allowed to help in care for the men. It was Dorothea Dix and Clara Barton who were first to offer their help followed by many women’s organizations. Most of the women who offered their help and support had to do so by voluntary acts. Dix was appointed Superintendent of Women Nurses. One of the standards that Dix established for her nurses was that they be plain looking and middle-aged. Recruits nicknamed her â€Å"Dragon Dix†. Contrary to popular belief surgeons did use anesthesia in most surgeries. It is stated by Geocities that â€Å"A patient only having a bullet to bite was basically a myth†.

Overview Of Sport Injury Types Health And Social Care Essay

For this subdivision of my portfolio I am traveling to cover hurts in athletics and choose a specific hurt to reason an in-depth survey on how it the hurt was sustained, how it can be treated in add-on to taking stairss to forestall a return of the hurt. Within featuring engagement there are many hurts that can happen of which can be classified into major and minor hurts. Additionally within these to classs there are legion hurts sustained through impact, pulling and nonvoluntary motions. Minor hurts are really common in featuring activities in peculiar those affecting physical contact such as Rugby and Football. These peculiar hurts are associated with being minor as the damaged caused is really little and chiefly necessitate really small or no intervention at all due to the natural healing procedure of the organic structure. Some extremely common illustrations of minor hurts in athletics are cuts, abraises and contusions. Cuts: A cut is referred to as a split in the surface of the tegument normally by crisp object with some being more serious than others. A little cut will non perforate through the whole proportion of tegument and will normally scab over as a consequence of the organic structures natural mending mechanisms. In comparing a deeper more acute cut can be significantly unsafe as constructions below the surface of the tegument such as nervousnesss, sinews and blood vass can be damaged. However despite the difference between the two cuts are prone to infection and at hazard of been extremely contaminated, therefore it is extremely recommended that all cuts are treated the same by rinsing it out and covering it with first assistance equipment such as a plaster to cut down the hazard of little fragments of soil acquiring indoors. An illustration during a sporting activity when a cut is likely to happen would be during the athletics of Rugby when a ruck/mall is go oning and participants on the land may be by chance stamped on by the he-man of a rugby boot doing a cut and the expel of blood. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nhs.uk/conditions/cuts-and-grazes/Pages/Introduction.aspx Bruises: A contusion normally occurs as a consequence of harm to muscle tissue underneath the teguments surface in which capillaries, venulas and arterias are damaged due to a sudden impact. This harm causes internal hemorrhage to distribute into countries environing the tissue as a consequence of physical compaction from the blood vass into the musculus tissue and top beds of the teguments surface which causes a seeable dull ruddy and violet coloring material beneath the tegument which is accompanied by stamp hurting. The alterations in coloring material of the contusions initiates that the healing of the accomplished country is taking topographic point by rhenium adsorbing the blood. Finally after an approximative two hebdomad period the contusion will vanish. It is possible for everybody to prolong a contusion but single differences within people determine the consequence of the contusion and how easy it is healed. For a athleticss performing artist there musculus tissue is strong er comparison to person who doesn & amp ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢t participate in athletics significance that it would be more hard to damage the connective tissue. Prevention of contusions is about an inevitable factor from an impact apart from have oning protective vesture, nevertheless the mending procedure can be sped up utilizing simple first assistance techniques. Using an ice battalion will cut down the swelling around the damaged country and cut down the blood flow which will cut down the sum of blood throw outing from the tissue. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nhs.uk/conditions/cuts-and-grazes/Pages/Introduction.aspx hypertext transfer protocol: //www.medicinenet.com/bruises/article.htmMajor InjuriesUnlike minor hurts, major hurts sustained can hold really serious damaging effects and in some really terrible instances can even take to human death. The hurts frequently cause assorted damage to normal bodily maps and necessitate important degrees of intervention in order for the healing procedure to be effectual. Engagement in athletics particularly those affecting physical contact increase the likeliness of major hurts happening and can consequence many parts of the organic structure. Bone Fractures: A bone break is classed as a medical status that causes a interruption in the continuity of the bone as a consequence of high impact or forceful emphasis and force per unit area. However bone upsets such as osteoporosis can take to a weakening of the bone doing them prone to breaks which can be a consequence of overexploitation of the joint in athleticss such as golf and tennis. Common breaks are recognised as either being an unfastened or closed break. An closed and simple break are those which do no perforate a proportion of the tegument and due to the fact there is no hazard of infection immediate intervention International Relations and Security Network & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢t necessary nevertheless professional advice and intervention will be mandatory. In add-on closed breaks can detrimental if the affected country is moved one time the hurt is sustained ensuing in possible damaged tissue. Closed breaks will be accompanied by a stain and swelling. On the oth erhand an unfastened and compound break is a interruption of the bone that does perforate the tegument. Open breaks are at a much greater hazard because they are at high hazard of taint, hence has to be treated instantly by cleaning the lesion exhaustively taking soil and so antibiotic aswell as surgical intervention will follow. Additionally a minor break compared to an unfastened and closed is recognised as a multi-fragmentary break where a splitting of the bone occurs into legion pieces. The followers are other bone breaks that can be a consequence of a clean hurt: Complete Fracture: Bone fragments wholly separate Incomplete Fracture: Bone fragments are still partly joined Linear Fracture: Fracture is parallel to original bone axis Cross Fracture: Right angle break from the bone axis Oblique Fracture: Diagonal break from the castanetss axis Coiling Fracture: At least one portion of the bone has been twisted Compact Fracture: Bone fragments are driven into each other All types of breaks should be treated by a medical professional where an X ray can be taken and the extent of the hurt can be assessed which from this point will originate start of the healing procedure aided by a medical procedure. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-closed-fracture.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_fracture Concussion: Concussion is the most common result as a consequence of a encephalon hurt normally happening from an impact sustained to an country of the caput and can even be life endangering in really terrible instances. A mild instance of concussion will ensue in a province of shock and being unconscious for a brief period of clip. However a terrible instance of concussion involves a drawn-out period in being unconscious and returning to a normal province. This impermanent intervention of the encephalons map can consequence memory, opinion, balance and coordination. Concussion can happen easy within a athletics such as a clang of caputs during a football game. An impact hurt to the encephalon can do contusing which will take to the lacrimation of blood vass and damaged to nervousnesss doing abnormalcy in the map of the encephalon. The braincase which surrounds the encephalon comes into contact with fast acceleration of the encephalon taking to concussion. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.emedicinehealth.com/concussion/article_em.htm Muscular Injuries: Injuries to the musculuss can be really painful and can forestall performing artists from taking portion in physical activity for a drawn-out period of clip. Common muscular hurts in athleticss performing artists are musculus strains that can be a consequence of an uneffective warm up or an overstretch whereby harm is sustained to the musculus and attaching sinews. Muscle harm can be a tear of portion or all musculus fibers and the sinews attached to the musculus which can besides take blood vass being damaged which consequences in bruising and hurting caused by the annoyance on nervus terminations. A musculus strain will consequence athleticss performing artists in different ways such how strong and flexible the musculus is, therefore are less common in gymnasts compared to Rugby participants. Common symptoms originating from a musculus strain are ; swelling of the effectual country, inability to travel the musculus to its full potency and hurting in that country. For a athleticss performing artist it is imperative that a musculus hurt is treated right as the damaged musculus are likely to be used once more in featuring engagement when recovered. Ensure that the period of clip out of athletics is long plenty to mend and so strength preparation exercisings are carried out to re-build the musculus. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.emedicinehealth.com/muscle_strain/article_em.htm Muscle spasm occurs as a consequence of musculus weariness in voluntary musculuss which is closely associated with a cramp that occur in nonvoluntary musculuss. Voluntary motion is what a person can consciously command such as motion when running leting for the musculus to contract and relax. However when a spasm occurs the musculus contracts but doesn & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢t return back to its original relaxed province doing an intense hurting and can happen from between a few seconds to a one-fourth or an hr before it is eventually alleviated. Muscle spasm occurs when a performing artist is working at high strength exercising for a long continuance in which they use of the aerophilic system is no longer equal and hence the lactic acid energy system must be used. Stored ATP ( adenosine tri phosphate ) is the lone useable energy beginning in the organic structure and is provided by Glycogen. The animal starch is broken down by an enzyme known as phosphofrukto kinase into pyruvic acid, nevertheless because the proportion of C dioxide compared to oxygen in the musculuss it is broken down into lactic acid. As the high strength exercising is sustained OBLA ( oncoming of blood lactate accretion ) occurs where the physique of lactic acid is greater than the remotion. Due to the sourness in the musculus the map of the enzymes to breakdown lactic acid Don & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢t function decently and the remotion is less efficient. This can take to lactic acid toxic condition. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.medicinenet.com/muscle_cramps/article.htm Ligament Injuries: The most common but less annihilating ligament hurt is a musculus sprain. A sprain is an hurt to the strong hempen tissue that connects bone to cram known as a ligament which involves pulling and the lacrimation of tissue. Sprains are really common in delicate countries such as the mortise joint and carpus when a batch of force per unit area applied by the mass of your organic structure onto that ligament when normally falling over. Symptoms of a sprain are common to those of a hurt to a musculus with induced hurting, swelling, bruising and the inability to travel and map adequately. hypertext transfer protocol: //sportsmedicine.about.com/cs/injuries/a/sprains.htm Rice: Rest Ice Compression Elevation is an extra first assistance technique that can be applied for intervention and mending procedure of the hurt. When an hurt occurs to a damaged country in can ensue in puffiness, contusion or shed blooding doing the country to go inflamed. Using the four constituents of RICE and cut down swelling, alleviate pigment and protect damaged musculus tissue which in combination with each other will rush up the healing procedure. Remainder: There two really important grounds for a remainder period after an hurt has been sustained. Firstly it is indispensable that any harm to muscle tissue, ligaments or sinews are kept protected by restricting motion around that country which will cut down the hazard of any possible farther harm happening. Second for the healing procedure to happen efficaciously, the organic structure needs to bring forth certain sums of energy and minerals which would otherwise be used up during exercising. Ice: An ice battalion should be applied to the injured country with force which can be done by wrapping a towel around the ice battalion to keep force per unit area. The cold can supply impermanent alleviation of hurting in add-on to cut downing the swelling as the rate of blood flow is reduced intending less blood is traveling to the accomplished country. However considerations need to take topographic point when using a cold compress as a drawn-out exposure to the cold can take to damage to the tegument therefore is recommended 15-20 proceedingss three times a twenty-four hours. Compaction: Similar to the usage of ice, compacting the accomplished country can cut down the swelling around the hurt which can re direct the blood off from the country. A simple compress can be using a patch nevertheless should non be applied to tightly as this can do other deductions. Elevation: Again lift of the affected country can cut down swelling as the blood flows off from injured tissue which is really effectual if the country can be raised above the degree of the bosom. An hurt to an mortise joint can be elevated by puting the pes on pillows. Many minor hurts such as musculus sains and strains will normally retrieve after a few yearss of using the RICE technique. Once recovered it may so be necessary for an person to hold physical therapy where visible radiation rub downing can help in the formation of tissue hypertext transfer protocol: //sportsmedicine.about.com/cs/rehab/a/rice.htm

Discussions Examples Essay

First Article: Sexed-up images in media hurt young girls: study   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The articles is regarding the strong precedent that media is making through projection of certain images of women, who are packaged in a negative sexual manner, which then shapes societal perception and acceptance.   This hence brings about the question of ethics in terms of marketing of casinos, hotels and restaurants of the image of women, as how this marketing is done impacts greatly on its patrons and the general public.   I believe that there is indeed moral obligation with regards to company responsibility in public imaging. Although it is in fact the prerogative of the consumer to filter ethical contents and considerations, there is still a moral and ethical responsibility on the part of the companies. Corporate social responsibility should not be confined to environmental concerns, but also social, like what the sexual images problem poses. This is not to say that there should be complete cessation of operations of such companies, but rather a mellow down in sexual marketing.   The impact of marketing women sexuality not only reaches out to the desired adult audience, but also to youngster and teenagers who acquire certain values and norms, and eventually would replicate it.   Curbing marketing is indeed a vast task, but it is something that must be done. Second Article: Survey reveals most satisfying jobs   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The survey conducted reveals the list of most and least satisfying jobs.   These are essentially important considerations, as psychological and emotional satisfactions are also factors to the person/worker’s efficiency and effectiveness in his/her employment.   Given that the least gratifying jobs are listed and identified, there should be ways to uplift and increase personal satisfaction, as such would positively increase on the person’s productivity.   Jobs like those identified that are the least gratifying should be made more conducive and satisfying for people, as these are important works which should not cause psychological distress.

Life partner Essay

Characteristic mostly considered by men when choosing a Woman as their Life Marriage is a sacred contract between a woman and a man. It is where a couple begins the long journey of life with shared love, harmony, cooperation, tolerance and comfort with each other. The Commitment of marriage is one of the most recommended acts in Islam. The Qur’an has described this relationship between men and women, which brings love, harmony, trust and compassion, in the most moving and eloquent terms: â€Å"( And among His Signs is this, that He created for you mates from among yourselves, that you may dwell in tranquility with them, and He has put love and mercy between your hearts)† (Qur’an 30:21) Therefore selecting a life partner is one of the most crucial decisions that we have to make in our lifetime, because marriage is a lifelong commitment where you will face difficulties in life. A couple should be able to tackle the daily problem they will face in raising a family. Both the husband and wife play their own prominent role in building a happy family. . One of the main tasks of a wife is build a respectable family to the society. Hence, a man should think carefully when selecting a woman to be his wife, a mother to his children and the main pillar in his family. This report consists on man’s perspective of selecting a life partner. Further, the report will show the characteristics that he will look into before selecting his life partner Religious One of the most important characteristics is finding a religious woman. The righteous woman is the foundation of a healthy family. Allah (swt) states, â€Å"Women of purity are for men of purity, and men of purity are for women of purity† [24:26]. The Prophet (pbuh) said, â€Å"Do not choose a wife for her wealth or beauty. Her wealth will cause her rebellion, and her beauty will cause her corruption. You must consider her faith and religiousness for marriage† [Mustadrak al-Vasa’il, On Marriage Ch. 13]. A righteous woman is the greatest blessing that a husband can get. He can find comfort and rest after the exhausting struggle of earning a living. If the woman is religious then only the family will be brought up in the light of Islam. Beautiful Human being has a tendency of attracting to pleasant things. Most of the  time, the first thing a man tends to see in a woman is her beauty. Sometimes the perfect figure, the soft skin, the mesmerizing eyes makes the man blind of what is beneath the outside appearance. The real beauty of woman is not her physical appearance, the true beauty lies within inner self. A Man would rather get to know a woman and discover that her heart is pure and caring. For example, a beauty contest winner can be a cruel person. Therefore, her beauty is of no use to others if she is ill-treating to others Obedient and respectable A woman must be obedient and should respect her husband. She should be always eager to please him and make him happy. She should be happy to help him in different stage of life. An ideal wife should be someone who is willing to do the household work despite poverty and hardship. For example; if the husband is very poor, the wife should not be complain about buying unnecessary thing. The woman must have respectable character, which the society expects. She should practice and follow cultures and values accepted in the community such as a married woman should show modesty in clothing. Understanding In every marriage there comes times when there are differences in opinions, problems relating to financial, raising children, sickness. During these times, the couple should tackle the problem by respecting each other’s feelings and through open communication. The woman should be willing to listen to her husband and understand the situation instead of making the problem worse. For example; as in a famous idiom â€Å"making a mountain out of a mole†, A couple might be arguing about each other’s political view and that disagreement may lead to a divorce. In a healthy marriage, the couple should be able to understand each other’s behavior and accept that nobody is perfect. The woman should be able to comfortably talk and share her wants and suggestions to her husband. The bond between the husband and wife should be based on mutual trust. Therefore, the ideal wife should be trust worthy. Conclusion. As an old saying, â€Å"Behind every successful man there is a courageous woman†. Hence, a man can choose his life partner wisely. The task on a man’s hand in  choosing the ideal wife is not an easy job. The decision should be taken with immense thinking. The must -have characteristics must be given great emphasis in order to make the marriage life prosperous and fruitful. The decision a man takes today will affect his children in the future. REFERENCE LIST Islamic voice Retrieved August 1998 Retrieved 25-February-2012 from http://www.islamicvoice.com/august.98/marriage.htm The Ideal Muslim Woman and Her Husband Retrieved August 1999 Retrieved 28-February-2012 from http://www.wefound.org/texts/Ideal_Muslims_files/herhusband.htm

Is Organic Food Worth It? Essay

Organic farming began in the late 1940’s in the United States, and in recent years it has seen a dramatic increase in popularity. The sales of organic food have been increasing by about 20 percent a year over the past decade. The general belief is that organic items tend to be better for the consumer and the environment when compared to non-organic items. Organic foods are produced without the use of most synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, pesticides, antibiotics, added growth hormones, ionizing radiation, or genetic modification. Fields must be free of prohibited materials for three years before the soil can be used to grow organic crops. In the United States, organic foods and organic farming have been regulated by the USDA National Organic Program (NOP) since 2002. Although many people cannot tell the difference, there are multiple pros and cons between organic and nonorganic. People who buy organic are seeking assurance that food production is gentle to the earth, and looking for safer, purer, more natural foods. But are organic foods really worth the added expense? If cutting pesticides, hormones, and antibiotics off the menu appeals to you, organic foods may be just the ticket. In a recent poll, two-thirds of Americans surveyed stated they would like to be able to fit organic foods into their budgets. Part of our American culture is based on food and the way people treat themselves biologically by deciding what is acceptable to eat. Unfortunately a great portion of our society does not carefully think about the biological effects of certain foods. We live in an era of fad diets and health conscious purchases. For years people have consumed food without knowledge of how the production of what gets put on the dinner table entails. I have noticed especially over the last few years that our society has become more aware of organic farming and the nutritional effects from eating conventional foods. Controversy has sparked the question, what is organic, and is organic food biologically healthier for humans? Organic simply means food grown without the use of drugs, hormones, or synthetic chemicals. Crops are harvested without pesticides and farming techniques slightly differ from a conventional means of agriculture. What if I can’t afford organic foods? Don’t despair. There are things you can do to minimize your exposure to chemicals even when eating conventional foods. First, remove all visible fat from meats because chemical residues tend to accumulate there. Second, remove and throw away the peels from fruits and vegetables. Toss the outer leaves of leafy greens. Third, grow your own vegetable garden or a little herb garden on the window sill. If you live in the city, find out if there are gardening co-ops around your area. Fourth and most important, thoroughly wash all fresh produce to remove as much pesticide residue and bacteria as possible.

Security Roles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Security Roles - Research Paper Example Additionally, the head of security has some important duties and responsibilities and they most notably include filtering criminal records of the newly hired employees. Secondly, the leaders have to make hard choices during their jobs because they cannot to afford to trust anyone and it is a common belief that security professionals are paid to remain suspicious of everyone. The need to suspect everyone and everything is a defining attribute of security professionals in both public and private sectors of the society (Spitler, jones, Hawkins, & Dudka, 1987). The private security officials and agencies are bound to perform their duties under Police and public law enforcement as they are blessed with the governmental authority to prosecute any suspect. The role of private security is to minimize any immediate threat and danger to the interests of corporations. In the court of law, however private security officials have the capacity of expert witnesses while; the local police department s are responsible and accountable for conducting detailed crime investigational activities. The heads of corporate security departments have the important duty to neutralize any possibility of offence against the company and they are helped in this cause by technological interventions such as CCTV cameras and walkthrough gates. The idea is to minimize the possibility and probability of fatalities of security professionals specifically. The heads of security departments are also supposed to propose training and development of the staff so that they can perform their roles in a better manner. The private security professionals are nonetheless, believed to have lower level of dedication towards ethical standards in the field because they often suspect an innocent person as a possible threat and therefore, the suits stating that companies are engaged in harassing people, are piling up in developed parts of the world. The main purpose for outsourcing security to corporation is to minimiz e the strain on dollars of the taxpayers. In the past, the public law enforcement agencies were expected to provide security to the interests of corporations. The citizens of advanced nations developed the knowledge and publically challenged the practice. They held on to the point that their tax-revenues should be spent on betterment of public services and they must not be wasted on the protection of private economic interests. As a response to the abovementioned societal change, the companies were allowed to hire security professionals on their own. The security professionals are notorious for having introvert personalities whereas; people use to get annoyed by their tendency to suspect everyone. The public law enforcers have to commit to the higher ethical standards in order to win a conviction in the court of law but the private professionals do not succumb to any civic values and therefore, are infamous for using excessive force on suspects. Furthermore, they are also believed t o illegally detain corporation’s enemies and torture them against their misdeeds. The public imagines private security officials as thugs that are hired in order to do the dirty work of their employers. The governments on the

How Open was the Landed elite during the era 1780 - 1888 Essay

How Open was the Landed elite during the era 1780 - 1888 - Essay Example In European agrarian societies, after the medieval period, land was attributed as a highly demanded asset because it enabled the feudal lords to produce crops for subsistence. However, that was not the only purpose land served. Land was largely seen as a status symbol, a highly valued possession, whose worth could be gauged and flaunted .It was regarded as a safe asset, where wealth could be sustained for a long period, without the fear of deception or fraud. In addition to economic power, land enabled the landowners to amass political powers as well. This was so, as the owner of an estate also served as the head of the community and solved domestic disputes. Moreover, it allowed the landlords to control the inhabitants that lived on his estate, the majority of which derived subsistence through working on his lands. A landlord had a wide access to people who held positions of authority, which buttressed his influence and prestige in his region . Hence, land enabled him to uphold an administrative role in his area, in addition to it,accruing economic and political power. In England, while some men acquired land in order to establish their names, from a feudal family or become part of the landed elite, the others acquired it as an investment or amenity. Due to laws and policies, acquiring land became easier. For example, the Act of 1711 passed in Ireland, which forced MPs to hold land, which was later, revised in 1760 to add more people who were legally able to possess land, greatly incentive people to acquire landiii. The legal obstacles were removed for them and lawyers devised easy and cheap ways to acquire land. Some political entities also bought land in order to ensure their electoral strength.The demand for land also increased as people sought to keep it in order to undertake leisurely endeavors such as shooting and hunting. Some bought land in order to keep it as a buffer before they retirediv. Interest rates came to be greatly associated with the worth of land in the early eighteenth century. Sometimes, when the interest rates were low, espec ially during and after Louis XIV wars, many people expected that the value of land would adjust to ultimately lower levels and hence, acquired lands. During the mid-Victorian boom 1790-1815, rental rates in England surged, and hence, the attractiveness of land as an asset increased. In addition, it was regarded as a stable investment as its value did not fluctuate as much as government bonds in England, as a result of political shocksv. Marriages also allowed for acquisition of land, as office holders who belonged to prestigious families but did not have lands, often married into landholding families, and hence became part of the landed elite. Many of them either belonged to political establishment, or were rich merchants. Many of them were traders in East India Company, who later themselves married into land owning families, or married their sons and daughters, and became part of the landed elitevi. A number of these merchants, who served in the subcontinent, commonly known as â₠¬Ëœ

Constitutional & Judicial Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Constitutional & Judicial Review - Essay Example Al is a US citizen and cannot claim entry to another country as a matter of right, unless that country is willing to grant entry to him. Under the circumstances, the Home Secretary to UK is of the opinion that violent speeches and statements of Al against the ongoing war in Europe may create violent eruptions in UK society. His meeting in Washington DC has already resulted in unpleasant violence and arrests, and this incident combined with his earlier writings and statements led the Home Secretary to presume that his presence in United Kingdom might result in violence and clashes. Home Secretary is within his right to reject permission to enter UK1. Home Secretary need not give explanations to entry denial actions. A judicial Review action against the United Kingdom Home Secretary might not be very successful, even though Al's speeches in United States could not be termed as violence provoking. This charismatic leader belongs to an anti-war pressure group and it is not an offence to oppose a war. There is a lot of difference between an anti-war pressure group and a terrorism-provoking group. Anti Government sentiments are not exactly terrorist acts. Violence broke out because of pro-war protesters and it was a mere clash between the two groups that could happen anywhere. There was no bloodshed and the event did not leash out any anti government euphoria. Al can fight the decision by saying that condemning the war in Iraq is not exactly fomenting terrorism and he has a right to express his opinion2. But his rights to go to the European Human Rights commission are limited as he is neither a citizen of European Union, nor of one of its Member States. In the second case, Shoab, a Muslim clerk from Libya was given permission to stay in UK as postgraduate student till August 2003. He applied for indefinite leave to remain in United Kingdom. As Shoab is on student visa, it is difficult for him to get indefinite leave to remain even under normal circumstances. Usually student visas are extendable only during the period of study and it is never indefinite and Shoab's visa did not get extended. Home Secretary informed him that 'on account of your connections with Islamic terrorists groups, your deportation from the United Kingdom would be conducive to the public good'. Home Secretary believes that Shoab has connections with MAWI (Muslims against Western Imperialism), a group implicated in recent terrorist incidents in the West and had adopted a policy of seeking to deport all foreign nationals with links to MAWI. Home Secretary is also accused of gaining mileage and electoral support for government in the approaching election. At a hear ing of the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC), the deportation order was confirmed. Shoab's barrister was however prevented from cross-examining witnesses and from knowing full details of the case against him. As Shoab is living in United Kingdom as a student he can approach European Union Human Rights Court against his deportation. He can go to the court and to Human Right Activists.

Service and relationship marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Service and relationship marketing - Essay Example The exterior facilities include waiting areas consist of benches, sofas and chairs and external sitting areas for customers who wants to enjoy their meal outside the restaurant. Subway has a typical green colour dominating its physical landscape which implies nature and warmth. Also, the fast food joint have established signboards for travellers and onlookers. The subway store signage is uniform as established by uniform standards. Glass branding such as on windows and door panels is not usual in Subway as the store size is generally small. The interior facilities can be described as cosy and comfortable. Internally the store is not very brightened but has sufficient lighting and consists of minimalist sitting areas. The company is also engaged in home delivery services. Customer experiences and points of customer contact occur in several places. First is when a customer enters the restaurant and is greeted by the staff members. In the seating area, customers are served with water, if requested. Since subway is a self service restaurant, most of the customer-employee interactions occur in the area where food is prepared. Helping the customer to decide on the food product, recommending choice of ingredients in cases of confused products billing and payment are other customer contact points. Line of interaction divides customer experiences and employee actions. Onstage employee actions and backstage employee actions are divided by line of visibility. ... In the seating area, customers are served with water, if requested. Since subway is a self service restaurant, most of the customer-employee interactions occur in the area where food is prepared. Helping the customer to decide on the food product, recommending choice of ingredients in cases of confused products billing and payment are other customer contact points. Line of interaction divides customer experiences and employee actions. Onstage employee actions and backstage employee actions are divided by line of visibility. The backstage employee actions in subway include housekeeping services and employees involved in keeping stocks and supply, maintenance department coordinating various operations and department for cash management. Finally the support processes include back system operating all the daily activities of the restaurant, technical department involving in market research, customer research and feedback and customer data collection, POS system involved in cashing and in flow of liquid cash etc. Figure 1 Service Blueprint of Subway (Source: Author’s Creation) Front Stage and Back Stage Functions Blueprinting is a tool for service planning. It can be used either for the development of new services or improvement of existing services. Service blueprint is also helpful in ensuring the quality of services offered by a company. The output of a service blueprint is a graphical representation of the overview of service and its related activities. It helps to visualize the development process. During each process, visible contacts are established between the firm and client. It is also possible to discover various areas of innovation and identification of failure points (Hauser, Tellis and